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A centuries-old mystery has crossed my path again ...

I mentioned in a recent article that there was a dispute in many academic quarters regarding the actual Viking deity being honored by the name, 'Friday.' The cold, hard fact is that unless someone unearths a runic stone that confirms the issue --- and that's not likely --- only a preponderance of circum

According to USFDA, a combination product is one composed of any combination of a drug and device; biological product and device; drug and biological product

stantial evidence is going to carry the day in any such debate.

So, while others while away their time contemplating world peace, I've returned to the search for Friday's inspiration.

If you'll recall, four of the seven days of the week are named after Norse gods:

- Tuesday is for Tyr, the god of truth and war,

- Wednesday is for Odin, the Allfather of

; or drug, device, and biological product and fixed dose combination would include two or more combinations of drug.

Examples of combination products may in

iking gods,

- Thursday is for Thor, the god of thunder,

- Friday, however is cloaked in ambiguity.

I'd always heard the day's name-origin came from Frigg, Odin's elder wife --- he had more than one --- and this is supported by the most scholarly of English references, such as the Oxford dictionary. Others say it was for either Frey or Freja, who were bro

lude drug-coated devices, drugs packaged with delivery devices in medical kits, and drugs and devices packaged separately but intended to be used together.

ther and sister in the Vanir clan. Frey was the god of fertility, so it was considered essential to keep him happy; Freja was the goddess of love and beauty, so it didn't hurt to keep on her good side, either.

Frigg's duties were to be the goddess of the sky. It was a subtle job, but someone had to do it.

Turning to cyberspace for resolution, I happened o

here is enormous increase in the number of combination products entering the market in the recent years. Combination products have proven advantages but fixe

an excellent guide in Norse matters, The Viking Answer Lady. She is so meticulous in her material that I felt the possibility of her bringing light to the issue was quite good. So, I contacted her. To say she did her research is an understatement. Here's her reply to me:

"Since Western Europe all originally derived from Indo-European tribes, we find that

d dose combinations are still in the process of convincing regulatory authority on their advantages over the single ingredient formulations.

Combination pro

here were a lot of correspondences between the various branches --- not exact, one-for-one identity, but concepts are clearly related. So it's no real surprise to find that the naming and symbolism of the days of the week, and the number of days in a week, might be pretty much the same in all the descendants of the Indo-Europeans.

"You can see the day-name

ucts have become life saving products for the pharmaceutical companies who doesn’t have many innovative molecules in their product pipeline and have been inc

correspondences in other languages that descend from Indo-European:

"Ancient Greek has: hemera selenes (moon day), hemera Areos (Ares' day), hemera Hermu (Hermes' day), hemera Dios (Zeus' day), hemera Aphrodites (Aphrodite's day), hemera Khronu (Chronos' day), hemera heliou (sun day)

"Latin: Lunae dies (Moon-day, Monday), Martis dies (Mars-Day, Tuesday),

easingly used in the product life cycle management. Even the companies having product patents are trying to extend their product life cycle through the combi

Mercurii dies (Mercury's day, Wednesday), Jovis dies (Jove's day, Thursday), Veneris dies (Venus' day, Friday), Saturni dies (Saturn's day, Saturday) or alternatively Christian Sabbatum or Sabbati dies (Sabbath day), Solis dies (Sunday)or alternatively Christian Dominicus dies (Lord's day)

"Unsurprisingly, the Romance languages clearly derive their day nam

nation products and maximize the revenues. But the companies involved in this practice are overlooking that they are burdening the patients both economically

s from Latin, except for Portugese, which numbers the days:

"Italian: lunedi, martedi, mercoledi, giovedi, venerdi, sabato, domenica

"Spanish: lunes, martes, mi?rcoles, jueves, viernes, s?bado, domingo

"French: lundi, mardi, mercredi, jeudi, vendredi, samedi, dimanche

"Romanian: luni, marti, miercuri, joi, vineri, s?mbata, duminica

"Portugese: Segunda-

and physically. They need to rightly judge the benefits of the combination products and they have to even look at the risks involved when combining the produ

Feira (2nd day, Monday); Ter?a-Feira (3rd day, Tuesday); Quarta-Feira (4th day, Wednesday); Quinta-Feira (5th day, Thursday); Sexta-Feira (6th day, Friday); S?bado (Sabbath, Saturday); Domingo (Lord's Day, Sunday)

"The Celtic languages have taken and preserved the Latin names of the days, and also borrowed heavily from Christian concepts:

"Welsh: Dydd Llu

ts. Some of the combination products were well accepted by physicians while others suffered. Companies involved in development of combination products are fi

(moon/Luna day), Dydd Mawrth (Mars' day), Dydd Mercher (Mercury's day), Dydd Iau (Jove's day), Dydd Gwener (Venus's day), Dydd Sadwrn (Saturn's day), Dydd Sul (sun day)

"Gaelic: Di-luain (moon day); Di-m?irt (Mars's day); Di-ciaduinn or Di-ciadaoin (day of the first fast of the week - Friday being the second fast); Diardaoin (the day between the two fasts

ding difficulty in defining their combination products and facing various challenges from selecting a combination to marketing it.

Following aspects would a

of Wednesday and Friday); Di-haoine or Dia-aoine (day of the fast) Di-sathuirn (Saturn day); Di-d?mhnuich (Lord's day)

"Irish: D? Luan (moon/Luna day); D? Mairt (Mars' day); D? C?adaoin (day of the first fast of the week); D?ardaoin; D? h-Aoine (the day between the two fasts of Wednesday and Friday); D? Sathairn (Saturn's day); D? Domhnaigh (Lord's day)

"

dd to the challenges in developing combination products:

Which markets to tap where the combination products can do fairly well?
Which combination prod

The Germanic languages, however, are also related. Ares/Mars was equated with T?r as a warrior god. Zeus/Jupiter was equated with Th?rr as the god who hurled lightnings. Mercury was equated with ??inn, since both had a role as psychompomps, the one who leads the dead to their afterlife. Aphrodite/Venus was equated with Frigga and Freyja.

"German: Montag (m

cts are meaningful and rational?
Which therapeutic categories to select?
Which Combinations can address unmet needs of the patients?
Do combin

on day), Dienstag (T?r's day), Mittwoch (Mid-week), Donnerstag (Donner's/Th?rr's day), Freitag (Freyja/Frigga's day), Samstag (derived ultimately from Latin Sabbatum), Sonntag (sun day)

"Dutch: maandag (moon day), dinsdag, woensdag (Woden's/??inn's day), donderda (Donner's/Th?rr's day), vrijdag (Freyja/Frigga's day), zaterdag (Saturn day), zondag (sun day)

tions increase the patient compliance?
What would be the developing cost?
How to tackle the risks encountered during combination product developmen

"Norwegian and Danish: mandag (moon day), tirsdag (T?r's day), onsdag (??inn's day), torsdag (Th?rr's day), fredag (Freyja's/Frigga's day), l?rdag (washing day), s?ndag (sun day)

"Swedish: m?ndag (moon day), tisdag (T?r's day), onsdag (??inn's day), torsdag (Thrr's day), fredag (Freyja/Frigga's day), l?rdag (wash day), s?ndag (sun day)

"Old English: mond

t?

As combination products don't fit into the traditional categories of drugs, medical devices, or biological products, the USFDA is in the process of devel

?g or monand?g (moon day); tiwesd?g (Tiw's day, T?r's day); wodnesd?g (Wotan's/??inn's day); thunresd?g (Th?rr's day); friged?g (Frigga's/Freya's day); s?terd?g or s?ternesd?g (Saturn's day); sunnand?g (sun day)

"Middle English: monday, moneday, or monenday (moon day); tiwesday or tewesday (Tiw's day, T?r's day); wodnesday, wednesday, or wednesdai (Wotan's

ping new procedures for reviewing their safety, efficacy and quality.

Professional from academic institutions, pharmaceutical industries, health care indust

??inn's day); thursday or thuresday (Th?rr's day); fridai (Frigga's/Freya's day); saterday (Saturn's day); soneday, sonenday, sunday, sunnenday (sun day)

"North Frisian: monnendei (moon-day); Tirsdei (T?r's-day); Winsdei (Wotan's/??inn's day); T?rsdei (Th?rr's day); Fridei (Frigga's/Freyja's day); sennin (sun-evening); sennedei (sun day)

"Etymologically,

y and representatives from various regulatory agencies are working out to design the regulatory requirements for manufacture and sale of combination products

t's impossible to tell for certain whether the 'Friday' words derive from Frigga or Freyja (at least so I am told, I am not a philologist or linguistics expert). We can tell by the cognates that the name is from a goddess equated with Venus and Aphrodite.

"We get into further problems in that 'Freyja' is derived from roots meaning simply 'lady' while 'Frig

.

As there is an increasing trend of the combination products companies manufacturing such products should be able to tackle the problems involved in the de

ga' comes from roots related to 'beloved.' There have been several scholars who insist that Frigga and Freyja are just different titles for the same goddess.

"None the less, undoubtedly 'Friday' comes from the name of one of these two goddeses, and not from the name of the god Freyr."

Now, that's the sort of studied thoroughness that can achieve Master's

elopment. They need to be wiser in analyzing the market trends and the regulatory requirements.

Companies that provide selfless information through particip

egrees. It's a preponderance of evidence that can carry the day in a court of law. Even though she only eliminated one of the three contenders to the title of Friday's Namesake, the Viking Answer Lady has gone above and beyond the call of duty to provide me with the information I requested.

I'm sure glad I didn't tell her I was just trying to win a bar bet

tion in industry events and feedback to regulatory authorities would be able to face the challenges and will be successful in developing combination products

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